Where are the Galapagos Islands located?

The Galapagos Islands are located right in the tropics and right at the intersection of five ocean currents, 620 miles (1,000 kilometers) from the South American mainland

What animals can I see in the Galapagos Islands?

Giant tortoises can be seen all around the Galapagos Islands.

What makes the Galapagos Islands so unique?

The Galapagos Islands boast a unique collection of flora and fauna, as well as a remarkable number of endemic species. This is due to the fact that once on the islands, they faced very few challenges that impeded them from efficiently adapting to their new conditions.

Why are the Galapagos Islands protected?

Whalers began to inhabit the archipelago in the 17th century, wreaking havoc on the islands. They released domestic animals for future use, which destroyed the land and vegetation, significantly deteriorating the delicate ecosystem. Additionally, many of the invasive species that were introduced to the island preyed on tortoises, mostly devouring their young and eggs. This destruction was so horrendous that in 1960 only 200 adult tortoises lived on Pinzon Island and a mere 14 on Española.

Why is the Galapagos Islands' wildlife unique?

The fearless attitude the animals have is perhaps one of the greatest wonders of the Galapagos tours. In this sense, the Galapagos tours are able to expose visitors to life in its most natural state as animals carry on with their daily lives in a comfortable environment. They do not consider us a predator or cause for alarm – they don’t even surreptitiously shuffle sideways to get out of our way.

What islands should I visit in the Galapagos?

BartolomeEspañolaFernandinaFloreanaGenovesaIsabelaNorth SeymourSanta CruzSanta Fe

Galapagos BIG 15

Home / Galapagos Big 15

Iconic Species of Galapagos Islands

"It's quite simple: The more iconic species you see on the Galapagos Islands, the more rewarding and memorable your experience will be!"

If you’re looking for wildlife, the Galapagos Archipelago is a one-of-a-kind destination. Visitors travel back in time as they experience life before man, walking alongside hulking giant tortoises, ever-curious sea lion pups, and dynamic volcanic landscapes. The islands’ enormous variety of life draws tourists to this secluded utopia. However, the islands also cover an immense distance, over 138,000 km² (53,300 mi²), astounding visitors from every part of the world.

Due to the colossal archipelago, it can be difficult for visitors to choose which sites to visit and what to see. As a result, we looked to scholars, our Naturalist Guides, and island aficionados to tailor our programs and allow guests to experience the broadest range of Galapagos wildlife. We created a list of the most exceptional and captivating wildlife known as our BIG 15, which includes the most exemplary flora and fauna in the Galapagos. In this way, adventurers can decide on the best possible expedition. We have included this list below so that readers may learn about the most fascinating aspects and magnificence of the BIG 15.

Galapagos Albatross

Island Exclusive Species: found only on Española Island.
The Galapagos or waved albatross (Phoebastria irrorata) is the only tropical albatross, and the largest bird in the Galapagos, with a wingspan of up to 250 centimetres (8.2 feet). Albatrosses have a spectacular mating ritual of bill fencing and beak circling and clacking. They can only be seen between April 1 and December.

Blue-footed Booby

Thanks to their expressive mating dance, blue-footed boobies (Sula nebouxii) are among visitors’ favourite animals. During the dance, males display their amazing blue feet in up-and-down movements to attract females. The more turquoise they are, the more successful they will be with the ladies. Their biggest breeding colonies are on Española and North Seymour, but foraging birds are seen in all islands. Galapagos Blue-Footed Boobie complete information and Galapagos Blue-Footed Boobie infographic.

Nazca Booby

The Nazca booby (Sula granti) is easily distinguishable from the other Galapagos booby species thanks to its snow-white plumage, offset with black wing and tail feathers and feet. The main colonies are in Genovesa, Española, and Floreana. Non-breeding birds are seen on cliffs along most islands.

Red-footed Booby

Limited Distribution Species. The booby with the largest population, the red-footed booby (Sula sula) is, ironically, the most rarely seen Galápagos booby because it feeds on the outskirts of the archipelago’s waters, leading them to nest on outlying isles like Genovesa and San Cristóbal, although they may be seen elsewhere. Its beak is light blue, turning to pink around the mouth, and its feet are characteristically red, while its plumage varies from white to brown.

Flightless Cormorant

Limited Distribution Species: Found only on Fernandina and the west coast of Isabela. The flightless or Galapagos cormorant (Phalacrocorax harrisi) is the world’s biggest and heaviest cormorant. It is also the only one that has lost its ability to fly. This has required particular adaptations: Uniquely, Galapagos cormorants have solid bones and no oil at all to spread along feathers that now 5 look more like fur.

American Flamingo

A very small population of American Flamingos (Phoenicopterus ruber) are permanent residents of Galapagos, spread among a few islands that have suitable conditions for the main food of these birds, mainly brine shrimp.
Flamingos have spectacular breeding rituals, and extraordinary adaptations to survive in extreme harsh conditions. They can stand up to 145 centimetres (57 inches) tall.

Frigatebirds: Great and Magnificient

Unusually, two different species of frigatebird coexist practically side-by-side on the Galapagos: the great (Fregata minor), and the magnificent (Fregata magnificens), the largest species of frigatebird. This marine birds exceeds in flying skills, allowing them to steal food from other species.

Galapagos Hawk

The Galapagos hawk (Buteo galapagoensis), the largest endemic bird of prey and the top of the terrestrial food chain. They can be seen on several islands including Santa Fe, Española, Santiago, and Isabela, while they are absent in all areas with human population and on Genovesa probably because of an absence of their key food, the lava lizards.

Land Iguana

Land iguanas play an important role as endemic resident herbivores as their largely vegetarian feeding habits are responsible for the dispersal of several plants. The Galapagos land iguana (Conolophus subcristatus) lives on several islands, making it the most widely distributed land iguana of the three terrestrial species of the Galapagos.

Marine Iguana

The marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus) is one of the most amazing Galapagos species. For starters, they are found on all Galapagos Islands, but nowhere else. They arrived as terrestrial iguanas, later evolving into marine animals and then spreading throughout the archipelago. They spend most of their live near the waterline thermoregulating, and feed at low tide.

Santa Fe Iguana Land

Island Exclusive Species: occurs only on Santa Fe Island The Santa Fe land iguana (Conolophus pallidus), with smaller dorsal spines and a paler colour and tapered snout, lives only on little Santa Fe. Perfectly adapted by its colour to blend in with its surroundings, it is somewhat more difficult to observe than the other land iguana.

Galapagos Penguin

Galapagos penguins (Spheniscus mendiculus) are in several ways unique among the world species of penguins. They are the only ones that live on the equator, moult twice a year, and have no fixed breeding season. It is one of the smallest penguins, and the only ones with a permanent population north of the equator.

Galapagos Sea Lion

Genetic research shows that the Galapagos sea lion (Zalophus wollebaeckii) is a separate and much smaller species from its ancestor, the California sea lion. In length, they range from 150 to 250 centimetres (59 to 98 inches). Males are much larger than females, weighing as much as 360 kilogrammes (800 pounds).

Galapagos Fur Seal

The Galapagos fur seal (Arctocephalus galapagoensis) is the smallest of all seals, with females weighing just around 30 kilograms (66 pounds) and males around 80kg (176lb). Originally from the south Pacific, they have radically different breeding and foraging strategies as their cousins from the north. They hold the record as the world´s smallest pinniped.

Galapagos Giant Tortoise

The Galapagos giant tortoise (Chelonoidis nigra) is the largest living tortoise species. Weighing up to 250kg (550 pounds). They play an important biological role as their habitats’ top grazer. In the wild, these gentle giants slowly barrel their way through the plant cover. The shape of their carapaces varies from island to island.

TALK TO AN EXPERT THAT'S SAILED ABOARD!

Questions? Need help deciding? Have a chat with our Destination Experts that have enjoyed our Galapagos itineraries!

Melissa Altamirano

“Melissa has been fantastic! She answers all my questions, gets back to me quickly, and has mapped out a wonderful trip for us. I couldn’t be happier with the service I have received.” —Mary Kabat